Formulación de los componentes del diseño integral de una presa vertedero escalonada de hormigón compactado

Abstract

The present degree work includes an investigation of compacted concrete dams that allows the design components to be formulated based on a universe of unit flows and dam heights, analyzed based on criteria: geometric, geomechanical, hydraulic and hydrodynamic; in order to obtain a dam that is economical and safe. Mainly the experiences in the world were known during the design and execution stage of the work, implicitly exploring the characteristics of compacted concrete and the prospects of dam construction with this alternative; The hydraulic operating conditions of the landfills that allow the dissipation of considerable part of the energy in staggered discharge surfaces were analyzed, making the hydraulic dimensioning of the steps for different unit flows. In the study it was assumed that the foundation massif is rock, which allowed optimizing the dam's transverse profile, designing a triangular theoretical profile that presents adequate sliding stability by the empirical method and a method proposed in research for dams of compacted concrete. For the analysis of resistance verification, the minimum effort of 20% of the hydrostatic pressure was adopted as a design condition, in order to safeguard the correct compression operation of the compacted concrete joints. Within the analysis of the joints in the layers of compacted concrete, shear resistance values are presented, as well as methods for increasing stability and reducing stresses, mainly in the upstream face. Compacted concrete transportation technology was found to influence placement times and volumes depending on the topography of the project site. Finally, the technical-economic comparison was made with a conventional vibrated concrete dam with conditions similar to the compacted concrete dam.