Análisis comparativo del rendimiento de una bomba de calor de expansión directa asistida por energía solar utilizando hidrocarburos como fluidos de trabajo

Abstract

The comparative analysis of the performance of a direct-expansion heat pump assisted by solar energy, using R290 and R600a refrigerants as working fluids, to heat water for sanitary use, is presented herein. The parts of the system are a compressor, collector / evaporator, a condenser and an electronic expansion valve, for the operation of the system, the volume of water used is 5 liters, the load of R290 and R600a corresponds to 90 and 60 g respectively, the average temperature of the water at which it was heated is 45 ° C. Four daily tests were taken and at five minute intervals of which an average ambient temperature was obtained is 18 ° C and a radiation equivalent to 437.4 W·m-2, the time it takes for the system to heat the water is 20 minutes in the case of R290 refrigerant and for R600a hydrocarbon is 45 minutes, it can be said that the system is 55 % more efficient with R290 than in the case of R600a. The COP at the end of the water heating time with the R290 was 4.5 and 6.89 for the R600a. The refrigerants used prevent damage to the ozone layer and reduce greenhouse gas emissions due to the zero ODP value and have a very low GWP.