Aplicación de archivos COMTRADE en la mejora de la precisión y eficiencia del análisis de cortocircuitos en sistemas de potencia

Abstract

This thesis focuses on the application of COMTRADE files to improve the accuracy and efficiency of short-circuit analysis in power systems. A power system (PSS) was modeled using PowerFactory DIgSILENT and the SEL-751 protection relays were configured to assess their response capacity to simulated short-circuit events. The generated event data was reproduced in the OMICRON box to inject analog signals and thus verify the relay's performance in different fault scenarios. Five short-circuit scenarios were carried out, whose actuation times were measured. In the three-phase short-circuit scenario on the generator bus, the actual actuation time was 31.6 milliseconds, while in the three-phase short-circuit scenario on the transmission line, the shortest actuation time was observed, with 27.8 milliseconds. On the other hand, the single-phase short-circuit on the load bus presented an actuation time of 32.7 milliseconds, being the longest recorded. These trip times are within the acceptable ranges of 50 milliseconds, to present a correct reliability in the coordination of protections of the electrical power system. The results obtained demonstrate that, despite the variations in the trip times, the SEL-751 relay responded consistently to the different simulated fault conditions, meeting the specific objectives set. It is concluded that COMTRADE files are effective in improving the accuracy and efficiency of short-circuit analysis, allowing a detailed evaluation of the behavior of protection systems. For future work, it is recommended to optimize the relay settings, perform additional tests, and maintain continuous monitoring of the system, in addition to updating the technological tools used and offering constant training to technical staff.