Aplicación del sistema de identificación molecular BARCODE para especies del género Epidendrum en Pichincha, Ecuador

Abstract

Ecuador has a great plant diversity, among these Orchids stand out, they are exclusive species of our Flora, one of the genera with the largest number of species are the Epidendrum, with more than 1000 species of which 306 species are registered and distributed in the Ecuadorian Andes, for this research was developed the molecular identification of 10 segments of plant tissue using the DNA BARCODE system, DNA was extracted from the samples using the Doyle and modified Doyle method and the Direct method, then the matK, ycf1 and rpoC1 regions were amplified using the conventional PCR technique, the sequencing was performed under the SANGER technique, finally the phylogenic tree was developed with the respective markers. To conclude, the results obtained indicate that the marker with the greatest variability is matk when compared to the other two markers. On the other hand, from the sequences obtained in GenBank, the Maximum Likelihood statistical estimation method with 500 replicates and the Tamura 3 parameter model were used to build a phylogenetic tree that allows the identification of the experimental samples and their genetic similarities.