Manejo integral de la cuenca hidrográfica del bosque protector Umbría, como fuente de aporte para la captación de agua para consumo humano en los barrios occidentales de la parroquia Aloasí, cantón Mejía

Abstract

The research is carried out in the hydrographic basin of the Umbria Protected Forest located between the provinces of Pichincha and Cotopaxi, whose representative area is the Aloasí parish of the Mejía canton. The experimental design consists of the application of the deductive and inductive method, based on primary and secondary information, collected in the field and in the office, and through the use of ArcGIS 10.5 software and Google Earth Pro. As a result, the quality of the water analyzed by the ICA-NSF in the sampling points "Drinking Water 1", "Drinking Water 2" and "Drinking Water 3" is fair. In the Cumbiteo creek, the upper, middle and lower part of the basin is located, where the points "Macroinvertebrates 1", "Macroinvertebrates 2" and "Macroinvertebrates 3" were evaluated, the water being of poor and regular quality. In one hectare of non-intervened native forest, the degree of contamination is low due to the anthropogenic activities developed; in addition, the degree of conservation corresponds to six native species of the arboreal stratum belonging to the categories Not Evaluated, Least Concern and Not Evaluated; and the biodiversity in the defined subplot is average according to the Shannon-Wiener index. The comprehensive management plan of the hydrographic basin proposes sustainable alternatives in the responsible use and use of water resources for the supply of water for human consumption in the western neighborhoods of Aloasí, through the plans of "Prevention and Mitigation", "Contingency","Community Relations","Follow-up and Monitoring of Water Quality", proposed for the community of interest.